Preparation of a Near-Infrared Ray Absorption Film from N-Phenylthiocarbamoyl Chitosan Derivative

We recently observed that the decanoylation of N-phenylthiocarbamoyl chitosan (2) with a mixture of decanoic anhydride and pyridine at 60 °C for 24 h afforded N,N-(decanoyl)phenythiocarbamoyl-/2-isothiocynato chitosan decanoate (3b) rather than the expected product N,N-(decanoyl)phenylthiocarbamoyl chitosan decanoate (3a). This result suggested that some of the N,N-(decanoyl)phenylthiocarmbamoyl groups had been converted to isothiocyanate groups during the decanoylation process. The subsequent reaction of compound 3b with aniline gave N,N-(decanoyl)phenylthiocarbamoyl/N-phenylthiocarbamoyl chitosan decanoate (4) in high yield. A solution of compound 4 in CHCl₃ was then added to a solution of copper decanoate (5) in the same solvent, and the resulting mixture was cast onto a glass plate to give a cast film. The film was annealed at 200 °C in an oven to give a greenish film, which showed good near-infrared absorption characteristic in the range of 800–2200 nm.     

聚硅酸氯化铝铁-聚丙烯酰胺处理生活污水的研究

以实验室自制的聚硅酸氯化铝铁(PSAFC)和助凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为主要原料,复合处理高浊度的生活污水,利用正交法优化得出对生活污水混凝处理的最佳混凝条件。试验表明:在PAM和PSAFC的总投加体积2 m L、V(PAM)/V(PSAFC)为0.1、p H=5、反应温度25℃时,对生活污水的处理效果最好,絮凝率达到96.12%。对絮凝机理进行了探讨。     

Thin-film composite crosslinked polythiosemicarbazide membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN)

In this work we report a new class of solvent stable thin-film composite (TFC) membrane fabricated on crosslinked polythiosemicarbazide (PTSC) as substrate that exhibits superior stability compared with other solvent stable polymeric membranes reported up to now. Integrally skinned asymmetric PTSC membranes were prepared by the phase inversion process and crosslinked with an aromatic bifunctional crosslinker to improve the solvent stability. TFC membranes were obtained via interfacial polymerization using trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and diaminopiperazine (DAP) monomers. The membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement.The membranes exhibited high fluxes toward solvents like tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) ranging around 20 L/m² h at 5 bar with a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) of around 1000 g/mol. The PTSC-based thin-film composite membranes are very stable toward polar aprotic solvents and they have potential applications in the petrochemical and pharmaceutical industry.     

食品药品来源的CFTR氯离子通道抑制剂的研究进展

CFTR氯离子通道是目前国际上新兴的治疗分泌型腹泻的分子药靶,CFTR抑制剂通过阻断离子通道的过度分泌来治疗腹泻症状。由于其抑制剂极为稀少,因此CFTR抑制剂的筛选工作是相关领域中最基础、最关键的环节。天然产物兼具结构和生物活性的多样性,在新药和先导化合物的发现中起着重要作用,是药物开发的主要来源,而食品药品来源的天然产物更因为对人体安全无毒副作用而倍受青睐。食品药品来源的CFTR氯离子通道抑制剂对于CFTR相关的腹泻等疾病的机理研究和治疗具有重要价值,同时也为天然产物资源用于现代药物发现提供了依据。     

氯化氢过氯原因及预防措施

分析了合成氯化氢中游离氯含量超标的原因,为避免发生安全生产事故,提出了预防措施。     

哌嗪基单丁酰胺酸钙/锌的合成及对PVC热稳定性研究

以丁二酸酐、哌嗪、氯化钙、氯化锌为原料，通过两步反应制备了哌嗪基单丁酰胺酸钙/锌（PSACa/Zn）热稳定剂。采用元素分析、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪（ICP?OES）和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）对产品结构进行表征，通过刚果红试纸法、转矩流变仪法、热失重法考察了PSACa/Zn对PVC的热稳定性能，并筛选了PSACa和PSAZn的最佳配比。结果表明，PSACa和PSAZn对PVC的静态热稳定时间分别可达74.5、41.5 min，优于硬脂酸钙（CaSt₂）、硬脂酸锌（ZnSt₂）热稳定剂；PSACa和PSAZn复配使用时，以m_PSACa∶m_PSAZn=1∶1时性能最佳，对PVC静态热稳定时间可达92 min，动态热稳定时间可达905 s；发现PSACa/Zn对PVC的长期热稳定性良好。     

铜钼分离磁-浮联合新工艺研究

国内某含钼铜精矿，铜钼可浮性相近，单一浮选工艺所需药剂量大，废水COD高。针对矿石性质特点和规律，开发出了磁选-浮选联合工艺，相比单一浮选工艺，钼精矿中钼的回收率提高了2.87%；新工艺节省硫化钠60%以上，水玻璃、六偏磷酸钠和煤油节省40%以上，同时废水COD下降60%以上。新工艺具有明显的经济效益和环境效益，为该类型的铜钼矿的开发利用提供了新的技术方案。     

优化作业方式提高始极片质量

针对某厂铜电解种板工序存在的始极片质量波动较大的问题,从种板系统体积控制和添加剂匹配的角度出发,分析各种因素对始极片质量的影响,做出了相应的改进措施,使种板系统运行更加稳定,始极片质量得到进一步提升。